cd <path> # change working directory
cd # go to home directory
ls # list directory contents
ls -a # list directory contents + hidden files
touch <filename> # create an empty file
cat <filename> # print the content of a file
nano <filename> # open file in nano text editor
# save changes: Ctrl+O, then Enter
# exit nano: Ctrl+X
rm <name> # remove files or directories
rm -rf <name> # remove files or directories recursively and ignore nonexistent files
cp <filename> <destination-path> # copy files and directories
mkdir <foldername> # make directories
rmdir <foldername> # remove empty directories
find / -name <filename> # find the file location
View server IP
curl ifconfig.co
curl ifconfig.me
Working with variables
env # print a list of the current environment variables
VARIABLE_NAME=<value> # set a variable
echo 'export VARIABLE_NAME='${VARIABLE_NAME} >> $HOME/.bash_profile # variable export
source $HOME/.bash_profile # reload .bash_profile
Monitoring
df -h # report file system disk space usage
du -sh <name> # estimate file/dir space usage
du -d1 -h $HOME | sort -h # sort directories by size
htop # interactive process viewer
Service files
# service file using the Archway node as an example
[Unit]
Description=Archway Node
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=simple
User=$USER
ExecStart=$(which archwayd) start
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=10
LimitNOFILE=65535
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
# full example of creating a service file using an Archway node as an example
sudo tee /etc/systemd/system/archwayd.service > /dev/null <<EOF
[Unit]
Description=Archway Node
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=simple
User=$USER
ExecStart=$(which archwayd) start
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=10
LimitNOFILE=65535
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
Commands after creating a service file
# in this case service-file-name = archwayd
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable <service-file-name>
sudo systemctl restart <service-file-name>